HOA Court Cases

Arizona court rulings applicable to HOA law, organized by court level. Each card starts with why the ruling matters for HOA boards, homeowners, and counsel.

Arizona Supreme Court

Decisions from the Arizona Supreme Court — the binding precedent at the top of the state court system.

16 cases

★ Cases everyone should read (15 cases)

★ Must-read

Cao v. PFP Dorsey Investments

257 Ariz. 82, 545 P.3d 459 (2024)
Arizona Supreme Court · March 22, 2024 · Jie Cao and Haining 'Frazer' Xia (condominium unit owners) v. PFP Dorsey Investments, LLC…
Why it matters
Condo termination statute allowed forced sale procedures, subject to constitutional compensation limits.
CC&RsBoard GovernanceProcedureAttorney Fees
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★ Must-read

Kalway v. Calabria Ranch HOA, LLC

252 Ariz. 532; 506 P.3d 18 (2022)
Arizona Supreme Court · March 22, 2022 · Individual lot owner Maarten Kalway challenged Calabria Ranch HOA, LLC and the other lot…
Why it matters
HOA amendments must be reasonable and foreseeable from the original CC&Rs, not entirely new obligations.
CC&RsAmendmentsCovenantsAttorney FeesProcedure
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★ Must-read

Powell v. Washburn

211 Ariz. 553, 125 P.3d 373 (2006)
Arizona Supreme Court · January 5, 2006 · Subdivision owners sued other owners and the developer over whether the CC&Rs allowed RVs…
Why it matters
Arizona courts interpret restrictive covenants by intent and purpose, not reflexive free-use rules.
CC&Rs
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★ Must-read

Shelby v. Registrar of Contractors

172 Ariz. 95, 834 P.2d 818 (1992)
Arizona Supreme Court · August 6, 1992 · Condominium owners and their association sought recovery for construction defects affecti…
Why it matters
Condo owners may be injured persons when common-element construction defects damage appurtenant rights.
Board GovernanceProcedure
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★ Must-read

Federoff v. Pioneer Title & Trust Co.

166 Ariz. 383, 803 P.2d 104 (1990)
Arizona Supreme Court · December 6, 1990 · Owners within a restricted area sued a developer and others to enforce recorded land-use…
Why it matters
Recorded mutual restrictive covenants may bind later owners with notice even if later deeds omit them.
CC&RsDisclosure
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★ Must-read

Duffy v. Sunburst Farms East Mutual Water & Agricultural Co.

124 Ariz. 413, 604 P.2d 1124 (1979)
Arizona Supreme Court · November 28, 1979 · Subdivision owners and a mutual association disputed the validity of an amendment to reco…
Why it matters
When a recorded declaration expressly authorizes amendment or revocation by the specified vote of owners, Arizona…
CC&RsBoard GovernanceElections
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★ Must-read

Decker v. Hendricks

97 Ariz. 36, 396 P.2d 609 (1964)
Arizona Supreme Court · November 13, 1964 · Subdivision owners sued a lot owner who built a warehouse in a residential-only restricte…
Why it matters
Arizona courts may order removal of a knowingly noncompliant structure, and defenses based on delay, outside-area…
CC&RsSelective EnforcementProcedure
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★ Must-read

Palermo v. Allen

91 Ariz. 57, 369 P.2d 906 (1962)
Arizona Supreme Court · March 14, 1962 · Later landowners sought a declaration that deed restrictions were personal to the origina…
Why it matters
Restrictions are not enforceable among later owners as part of a general plan unless the deeds or related…
CC&RsDisclosure
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★ Must-read

Murphey v. Gray

84 Ariz. 299, 327 P.2d 751 (1958)
Arizona Supreme Court · July 15, 1958 · Original developers and their company disputed with a successor owner over whether deed r…
Why it matters
Restrictive covenants remain enforceable despite increased land value or zoning overlap unless surrounding changes…
CC&RsArchitectural Review
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★ Must-read

Condos v. Home Development Co.

77 Ariz. 129, 267 P.2d 1069 (1954)
Arizona Supreme Court · March 15, 1954 · A developer and subdivision owners sought to stop a lot owner from selling liquor in viol…
Why it matters
Violations of some subdivision restrictions do not automatically destroy a separate covenant, and a private…
Selective EnforcementCC&Rs
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★ Must-read

Whitaker v. Holmes

74 Ariz. 30, 243 P.2d 462 (1952)
Arizona Supreme Court · April 15, 1952 · Owners sought to stop a neighboring lot from being used to sell liquor in violation of a…
Why it matters
Failure to sue earlier or remote violators does not automatically waive the right to enforce a restrictive covenant…
Selective EnforcementCC&Rs
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All other cases (1 case)